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plunge into utter destruction

  • 1 ἀπώλεια

    ἀπώλεια, ας, ἡ (s. ἀπόλλυμι; Demades [IV B.C.]: Or. Att. II 52 p. 313 in the sense ‘loss’; later writers; ins, pap, oft. LXX, pseudepigr., Philo, Jos., Ar., Just.; Mel., P.).
    ① the destruction that one causes, destruction, waste trans. (Aristot., EN 4, 1, 1120a 2; Polyb. 6, 11a, 10 opp. τήρησις; PTebt 276, 34) εἰς τί ἡ ἀ. αὕτη τ. μύρου; why this waste of ointment? Mk 14:4; cp. Mt 26:8.
    ② the destruction that one experiences, annihilation both complete and in process, ruin intr. (so usu. LXX; EpArist 167; Philo, Aet. M. 20; 74; Jos., Ant. 15, 62, Vi. 272; TestDan 4:5; Ar. 13, 8; Just., D. 56, 5; Mel.; but also in Aristot., Prob. 29, 14, 952b 26; Polyb., Plut., Epict. et al. [Nägeli 35]; Diod S 15, 48, 1 with φθορά; Herm. Wr. 12, 16; PGM 4, 1247f παραδίδωμι σε εἰς τὸ μέλαν χάος ἐν τ. ἀπωλείαις) Ac 25:16 v.l.; AcPl Ha 4, 16. (w. ὄλεθρον) βυθίζειν εἰς ὄ. καὶ ἀ. plunge into utter destruction 1 Ti 6:9; πρὸς τ. ἰδίαν αὐτῶν ἀ. to their own ruin 2 Pt 3:16; (w. πλάνη) 2 Cl 1:7 (Ar. 13:8). Esp. of eternal destruction as punishment for the wicked: Mt 7:13; εἰς ἀ. ὑπάγειν go to destr. Rv 17:8, 11. (Opp. περιποίησις ψυχῆς) Hb 10:39. (Opp. σωτηρία) Phil 1:28. ἡμέρα κρίσεως καὶ ἀπωλείας (Job 21:30) τ. ἀσεβῶν ἀνθρώπων day of judgment and (consequent) destruction of wicked men 2 Pt 3:7. Hence the end of the wicked is described as ἀ.: τὸ ἀργύριόν σου σὺν σοὶ εἴη εἰς ἀπώλειαν to hell with you and your money (Phillips) Ac 8:20 (for the phrasing cp. Da 2:5 and 3:96 Theod.); ὧν τὸ τέλος ἀ. Phil 3:19. σκεύη ὀργῆς, κατηρτισμένα εἰς ἀ. objects of (God’s) anger, ready for destruction Ro 9:22 (Is 54:16). It will come quickly 2 Pt 2:1; is not sleeping vs. 3 (on the topic cp. Od. 2, 281–84). Appears as a consequence of death (cp. Job 28, 22): ὁ θάνατος ἀ. ἔχει αἰώνιον Hs 6, 2, 4; God laughs at it 1 Cl 57:4 (Pr 1:26). Those destined to destruction are υἱοὶ τῆς ἀ. J 17:12; ApcPt 1:2. The Lawless One is also υἱὸς τῆς ἀ. 2 Th 2:3. αἱρέσεις ἀπωλείας heresies that lead to destr. 2 Pt 2:1; δόγματα τῆς ἀ. ApcPt 1:1.—DELG s.v. ὄλλυμι. M-M. TW.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > ἀπώλεια

  • 2 βυθίζω

    βυθίζω 1 aor. ἐβύθισαν 2 Macc. 12:4, pass. ἐβυθίσθην; fut. 3 pl. pass. βυθισθήσονται JosAs 12:3 (s. βυθός; Soph. et al.; Mag. pap in PWarren 21, 43; 2 Macc 12:4)
    ① to cause to go down in water, to sink, only pass. in act. sense (Jos., C. Ap. 1, 308) of ships (Polyb. 2, 10, 5; 16, 3, 2; Diod S 13, 40, 5; Dio Chrys. 46 [63], 3; Epict. 3, 2, 18 βυθιζομένου τοῦ πλοίου) ὥστε βυθίζεσθαι αὐτά (i.e. τὰ πλοῖα) so that they began to sink Lk 5:7. W. εἰς (AcJ 112 [Aa II/1 p. 211, 8f]) of the Egyptian military forces ἐβυθίσθησαν εἰς θάλασσαν sank into the sea 1 Cl 51:5.
    ② to cause someone to experience disastrous consequences, plunge, expose to fig. (cp. Philod., De Morte 33 [DBassi, Pap. Ercolanesi 1914]; Alciphron 1, 16, 1 τὸ νῆφον ἐν ἐμοὶ συνεχῶς ὑπὸ τοῦ πάθους βυθίζεται; Philostrat., Vi. Apoll. 4, 32 p. 151, 17 of the utter ruin of Sparta; SIG 730, 7 [I B.C.] καταβυθ.) plunge τινά someone εἰς ὄλεθρον καὶ ἀπώλειαν into ruin and destruction 1 Ti 6:9.—B. 679. DELG s.v. βυθός. M-M.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > βυθίζω

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